中国教育在线 中国教育网 加入收藏 设为首页

英语专业四级考试近义词辨析(3)

http://en.jybest.cn      2012-07-23    

 

  特别提醒:科学填报志愿比取得好成绩更加重要。考试结束了,尽快估分选大学、确定志愿吧。请点击这里,帮你解决!

  中国教育在线讯    在学习专业英语词汇中,有时同义词的辨析是很不容易的,我们一般从三方面进行区分,即:语法、语义和文体。语法主要是词性、搭配、句式等的区分;语义主要是词义的本义、引申义、比喻义和内涵和外延等的区分;文体主要是正式和非正式、褒义和贬义等的区分。

  11.错误

  (误会) mistake: A wrong thought, act. It implies carelessness. Anyone can make a mistake.

  (过错 弱点) fault: A bad point, but not of a serious moral kind. It refers to behavior and character. His only fault is that he lacks ambition.

  find fault with sb / at fault

  shortcoming: weakness, failing ; It refers to failures or deficiencies in things as well as people.

  In spite of all her shortcomings I still think she's one of the best teachers in the school.

  (疏忽) error: A mistake (formal sometimes literary) It implies deviation from a standard or model

  The accident was caused by human error.

  (缺点 毛病) defect: sth lacking or imperfect. It refers to quality.

  The radio was returned because of a defect.

  (失误 过失) blunder: A very stupid or unnecessary mistake. It implies ignorance.

  This is the fatal blunder of his life.

  12.图画

  picture: The most general one.

  (彩图) painting: pictures with color.

  (绘画 图画) drawing: A picture made with a pen, pencil and crayon. Sketch, diagrams and graphs are all drawings.

  (草图) sketch: A rough not detailed drawing.

  (图解 图表) diagram: A drawing, figure that shows the arrangement of something.

  (曲线图) graph: A diagram in which a straight line, curved, or zigzag line shows how two sets of numbers or measurements are related.

  (插图) illustration: A picture to go with words of a book.

  (图样 草图) draft: The first rough written form of anything.

  (平面图) plan: A line drawing of a building as it might been seen from above.

  (主视图) elevation: A flat upright side of a building.

  (海图) chart: A map esp. a detailed map of a sea area.

  13.特别

  (专门的,与众不同的) special: Different in some way from what is common, ordinary, or usual. It stresses having a quality, character, identity, or use of its own. The tube contains special gases.

  (特别的) especial: (fml) To an usually great degree, exceptional; It emphasizes the importance of the things or the

  persons mentioned; This is a matter of especial importance.

  (个别的) particular: Relating or belonging to only one thing or person. It stresses the distinctness of something as an

  individual which is worth notice. In that particular case, the rule doesn't hold.(适用)

  (特种的) specific: Detailed and exact, clear in meaning and explanation, fixed, determined.(used in scientific

  articles) It implies a quality or character distinguishing a kind or a species.

  He gave me a very specific instruction. There is a specific tool for each job.

  (独特的) peculiar: Strange or perhaps unpleasant. It implies strangeness. He has a peculiar way of speaking.

  14.取消 消灭

  (取消 解除) cancel: To give up, to declare something is to be effective. He has cancelled his leave of absence.(消假)

  (废除 废止) abolish: To do away with. It refers to practices, social institutions. Bad customs should be abolished.

  (消灭 排除) eliminate: To get rid of. We should eliminate the false and retain the true.

  (撤消 废除) repeal: To bring to an end of the effect of a law or an order. Some laws should be repealed.

  (根除 消灭) exterminate: To destroy completely and wholly. Colonialism must be exterminated.

  15.破碎

  break: The most general one.

  (压碎 压破) crush: To press together violently as to break, to destroy its shape by squeezing it. It suggests the effect of great external pressure. The tree fell on top of the car and crushed it.

  (打碎) smash: To break thoroughly to pieces with a crushing sound. She dropped the plate and smashed it.

  (打裂) crack: To break without separation of parts. It suggests the breaking out across a surface. He cracked the window by leaning against it.

  (破裂) burst: To break open by pressure from within. The fireworks burst while they were in the air.

  (砸碎 破碎) shatter: To break into pieces. It suggests the breaking up of a thin surface. The glass was shattered to pieces.

  (撞坏) crash: To refer to the vehicle which hits something and is badly damaged.

  更多专四内容>>>>

如有相关问题,可拨打免费咨询热线:010-58443520

考试培训小助手

本科留学qq:436560382

研究生留学qq:437946603

免责声明:

① 凡本站注明“稿件来源:中国教育在线”的所有文字、图片和音视频稿件,版权均属本网所有,任何媒体、网站或个人未经本网协议授权不得转载、链接、转贴或以其他方式复制发表。已经本站协议授权的媒体、网站,在下载使用时必须注明“稿件来源:中国教育在线”,违者本站将依法追究责任。

② 本站注明稿件来源为其他媒体的文/图等稿件均为转载稿,本站转载出于非商业性的教育和科研之目的,并不意味着赞同其观点或证实其内容的真实性。如转载稿涉及版权等问题,请作者在两周内速来电或来函联系。

内容推荐

外语电子周刊

推荐阅读
eol.cn简介 | 联系方式 | 网站声明 | 京ICP证140769号 | 京ICP备12045350号 | 京公网安备 11010802020236号
版权所有 北京中教双元科技集团有限公司 EOL Corporation
Mail to: webmaster@eol.cn