GRE太傻笔记（上）
http://liuxue.eol.cn 2001-12-06
Example
List 1(11.9)
abandon abandon:inhibition=despair:hope=tranquility:agitation
abash unabashed:embarrassment=unheralded:announcement
embolden<>abash/faze
abate abate:intensity=taper:width thin:density/intensity=abate:length
abdicate recant:belief=abdicate:throne
abdicate<>constitute abdicate<>assume abdicate<>usurp
abiding [E5baIdIN] adj. 永久的，持久的，不变的
miscreant<>law-abiding individual abiding<>evanescent
abject abject<>exultant
abnegate abnegate<>reaffirm
abolitionism anarchist:government=abolitionist:slavery
aboveboard adj. 光明正大的
surreptitious<>barefaced/aboveboard
abrade scuff:abrasion=heat:vaporization
abrogate abrogate<>embrace/institute/uphold
Synonyms: ANNUL, vacate, ABOLISH, abate, annihilate, annul, invalidate, negate, nullify, quash, undo, vitiate
abscond abscond:depart=pilfer/sneak:take=secrete:store=lurk:wait
absolve exculpatory:absolve=motivational:stir
absolve<>inculpate
abstain mandatory:comply=forbidden:abstain
Synonyms: constrain, curb, hold back, refrain, REFRAIN , withhold
abstinent adj. 饮食有度的,有节制的,禁欲的
abstract abstract<>elaborate abstraction<>attention
abuse polemic:disputatious=invective:abusive diatribe:abuse=burlesque:mockery
accessory [Ek5sesErI] adj.附属的, 补充的, 同谋的, 副的 adjunct
accessory<>of primarily importance
accidental safeguard:accident=hedge:loss
Synonyms: contingent, fluky, fortuitous, incidental, odd
accommodate obliterate:remove=accommodate:supply
accrete accrete:grow::inch:advance
accumulate dissipate<>accumulate
acerbity acerbity<>saccharin
acme acme:surpass=impossible:execute
acquisition [AkwI5zIF(E)n] n. 获得,添加物品
divestiture<>acquisition
adamant adamant:yield=cautious:gamble
addict disabuse:error=rehabilitate:addiction inured:tolerance=addicted:dependency
adherent adherent<>forerunner
adjourn [E5dV\:n] vi. 延期,休会,换地
convoke<>adjourn
adjunct [5AdVQNkt] n. 附属物，附件, 助手 accessory
adjunct<>essential element
ad lib [Ad 5lIb] adv.没有限制地，即兴地
ad lib:impromptu=aside:divergent
addmission lottery:raffle=ticket:admission
admonish alibi:exculpatory=warning:admonishery
Synonyms: REPROVE, call down, chide, lesson, monish, rebuke, reprimand, reproach
adore terror:apprehension=adoration:affection fascination:interest=adoration:fondness=abhorrence:dislike
adroit ham-handed<>deft/adroit
addulate fulminate:criticize=adulate:flatter=scorn:reject (程度类比) aversion:disinclination=adulation:admiration
adulation<>somber affection
adversary supplicant:humility=adversary:resistance
advertise advertising:commercial=publishing:journal
affable affable<>irascible testy<>affable
Synonyms: GRACIOUS, congenial, cordial, genial, sociable,sonsy, amiable, genial
affection embrace:affection=frown:displeasure=shrug:indifference
affinity affinity<>aversion
affluent [5AflJEnt] adj.丰富的, 富裕的
impecunious<>wealthy/prosperous/affluent affluent<>needy
aggravate succor<>aggravate
aggregate aggregate<>isolated units
alacrity alacrity:prompt=acumen:shrewd alacrity:apathetic=temerity:timid husbandry:dissipate=alacrity:procrastinate
alacrity<>recalcitrance
albino [Al5bi:nEJ] n. 白公,白化病者,白化变种(or albinism)
albino:pigment=prairie:tree
alibi [5AlIbaI] n.托辞，借口，辩解
alibi:exculpatory=warning:admonishery
align [E5laIn] v.定位，排成一行，结盟
aligned<>improperly adjusted aligned<>warped
allegiance pundits:authoritativeness=partisans:allegiance renegade:allegiance=apostate:faith
allegory [5AlIgC:rI] n. 寓意；寓言
alliterate alliterate:remove=blazon:efface
aloft founder<>stay aloft
grounded<>aloft
aloof [E5lu:f] adj. 冷淡的, 孤零的
politic:offend=aloof:associated
gregarious<>aloof
List 2(11.10)
ambiguous ambiguous:clarity=mendacious:truth equivocation:ambiguous=oxymoron:incongruous
ambivalent [Am5bIvElEnt] adj. 有矛盾看法的，正反感情并存的
amble tint:suffuse=amble:wander (?) walk:amble=draw:doodle
ameliorate demoralize <>invigorate { ameliorate }【此题有争议】
amenity amenity:comfortable=honorarium:grateful
amiss [E5mIs] adj. 有毛病的,出差错的
amorphous amorphous:shape=errant:course
amphibian [Am5fIbIEn] n. 两栖动物,水陆两用飞机,水陆两用车
eaglet:bird=fawn:mammal {frog:amphibian}
amplitude amplitude<>meagerness
anaerobic anaerobic<>living in oxygen
analgesic [AnAl5dVi:sIk] n.镇痛剂, adj.止痛的
tonic:invigorate=analgesic:deaden
analysis synthesis<>analysis
anarchist anarchist:rebel=apologist:defend
anathema [E5nAWEmE] n. 诅咒, 咒逐, [宗]革出教门, 被咒逐的人(物)
ancestor heirloom:ancestor=bequest:testator=legacy:predecessor=gift:donor
scion<>ancestor
anemic [E5ni:mIk] adj.贫血的, 患贫血症的
anemic<>strong/hale
anesthetic soporific:alertment=anesthetic/analgesic:pain
anhydrous [An5haIdrEs] adj. 无水的
anhydrous<>wet
animation [AnI5meIF(E)n] n. 活泼,生气,卡通制作
lassitude<>vim/animation
annals [5An(E)lz] n. 纪年表,年鉴,年报
dictionary:alphabetical=annals:chronological
annoy maudlin:sentimental=peeved:annoyed testy:annoy=hesitate:balk 【hesitate 词性不符】
patronizing:condescending=peeved:annoyed (?)
anodyne [5AnEJdaIn] n. 止痛药
anomaly anomaly:paradigmatic=blemish:flawless
antagonize cowardice:intimidate=choler:antagonize
synergic<>antagonistic
anterior anterior<>ensuing
anthology [An5WRlEdVI] n.诗集,文选
compendium:summary=anthology:collection
antipathy affinity<>antipathy
aphorism [5AfErIz(E)m] n. 格言 a terse formulation of a truth or sentiment:ADAGE
brevity:aphorism=distortion:caricature
apiary [5epIErI] n.养蜂场, 蜂房
apocalyptic apocalyptic:prophetic=inconsequential:illogical
apophasis [E`pCfEsIs] n. 『修』故抑其词,以求婉达,表面否认要说或正说的话
apoplectic [ApE5plektIk] adj.中风的，易怒的，狂怒的，大怒的
apoplectic:angry=emaciated:thin
apostasy [E5pRstEsI] n. 背教,变节,脱党
apostasy<>fidelity
apothecary [E5pBWEkerI] n.<古><英方>药剂师,药商,药房
apothecary:medicine=butcher:meat {librarian:book } 【注:强调“制备与出售”】
appall appall<>embolden/nerve
apparel tonsorial:hair=sartorial:apparel
appease vex<>pacify/appease/soothe
applause mirth:laughter=approval:applause
appoint appoint:official=cast:actor
appreciable appreciable<>imperceptible
apprentice [E5prentIs] n. 学徒,生手
Synonyms: NOVICE, beginner, colt, freshman, neophyte, newcomer, novitiate, rookie, tenderfoot, tyro
approbation execration<>approbation
censure:blameless=approbation:reprehensible
appropriate meet<>inappropriate/unsuitable
approximate paraphrase:verbatim=approximate:precise (?)
apropos [5AprEpEJ, AprE5pEJ] adj. 适当的,恰好的
aquifer [`AkwIfE(r)] n. 含水土层((含水量足以成为井水或泉水))
shale:lode=well:aquifer
arachnid [E5rAknId] n.节肢动物的一纲（包括蜘蛛目）
spider:arachnid=orange:fruit
arbor [5B:bE(r)] n.树阴处, (树枝等形成的)藤架, 凉亭, 【植】树, 乔木
arbor:shelter=hedgerow:fence
archipelago grove:trees=archipelago:islands range:mountain=chain:link={archipelago:island } (单个事物及其链状排列)
architect choreographer:movement=architect:building {sculptor:statue} 【注:强调设计、安排、指导，而不是建造】
archive archive:manuscript=arsenal/armory:weapon =museum:artifacts
arduous [5BrdVJEs] adj.费劲的, 辛勤的, 险峻的
arduous<>facile
argot [5B:^EJ] n. 隐语,暗语,暗号
argot<>standard language/common verbalism
armory [5B:mErI] n. 纹章,纹章学,军械库,兵工厂
pantry:food=armory:weapons
arrest arrest<>vitalize
blatant:arresting=odious:disgusting
List 3(11.10)
arrhythmic [E`rITmIk] adj. 无节奏的
arrogance arrogance:defer=lassitude:stir
arroyo grotto:cavern=arroyo:channel
arsenal [5B:sEn(E)l] n. 兵工厂,军械库
articulate ratiocination:thinking=articulation:talking (?)
artifice artifice<>candor
artless artlessness<>urbanity
ascendant [E5sendEnt] n. 运星,运道,支配力,优势 governing or controlling influence:DOMINATION
ascendant<>having no influence
ascetic ascetic:self-denial=busybody:intrusive
sybarite<>ascetic voluptuary<>ascetic indulgent<>ascetic
aspect [5Aspekt] n.样子, 外表, 面貌, (问题等的)方面
transfigure:aspect=transfer:location {transfix:attention} {使呆住:注意力}
asperity [A5sperItI] n.严酷, 粗暴, 刻薄
asperity<>mildness of temper
aspirant aspirant:quarry=hunter:prey
assert calumny:assertion=perjury:testimony assert:belabor=tend:fuss
brassy<>unassertive
assiduous assiduous<>remiss/desultory assiduous<>slipshod
assume assume<>refuse/reject unassuming<>overbearing usurp <> assume rightfully
astounding [E`staJndIN] adj. 令人惊骇的
astute fatuous<>astute
atrocious [E5trEJFEs] adj. 残忍的，凶恶的
atrocious:bad=momentous:important
augur intercessor:mediate=translator:interpret=augur:prediction
=pundit:opinion=maven:experience=luminary:eminence
auspicious inauspicious<>propitious auspicious<>ominous
authentic spuriousness<>authenticity semblance<>authentic article
authority contumacious:authority=recalcitrant/refractory:authority=
reactionary:change=hidebound:innovation=conservative:novelty
impostor:identity=usurper:authorization {barbarian:property }( 特征人物及其追求目标)
aversion aversion:disinclination=adulation:admiration （褒贬程度类比）
aversion<>court
avulse [E`vQls] vt.(由于意外的事故或通过外科手术)把(身体的一部分)撕脱, 抽出
avulse<>link avulse<>suture
awash [E5wRF] adj. 与水面齐平的，被浪冲打的 covered with water:FLOODED
awash<>dry
awkward craven:admirable=deft:awkward
lithe<>awkward svelte<>paunchy and awkward
awning [5C:nIN] n. 雨篷，遮阳篷
babble [5bAb(E)l] vt. 唠叨；说话不清；胡说
babble:sense=parrot:originality
babble/waffle<>express succinctly
backhanded [5bAkhAnd] adj.反手拍击的, 间接的 INDIRECT, DEVIOUS; especially:SARCASTIC
backhanded<>forthright
backset [`bAkset] n. 倒退,逆流,涡流 SETBACK
backset<>hike
badge chevron:badge=caisson:cart （特殊和一般，种属关系）
baffle [bAf(E)l] vt.困惑, 阻碍, 为难
bait bait<>disarm/mollify
balky [`bR:kI] adj. 停蹄不前的，倔强的
balky<>tractable
balmy [5bB:mI] adj. 气候温和的(芬芳的；止痛的)
inclement<>balmy
bamboozle [bAm5bu:z(E)l] v. 欺骗，隐瞒
banish [5bAnIF] vt. 驱逐，消除
evict:residence=banish:country
banister staircase:banister=garden:fence
banquet [5bANkwIt] n. 盛宴丰盛、豪华的筵席
barb [bB:b] n. 尖锐而严厉的批评
base base<>virtuous/noble sublime<>base/common base<>patrician
baseboard [`beIsbR:d] n. 护壁板,脚板
veneer:furniture=baseboard:wall
bathetic [bE`WetIk] adj. 平凡的,陈腐的,顿降的
offbeat<>bathetic/hackneyed
bedeck [bI5dek] vt. 装饰,修饰
bedeck<>strip
bedlam [5bedlEm] n. 混乱,骚乱,疯人院
tumultuous:bedlam=active:hive
beleaguer [bI5li:^E(r)] vt. 使困扰，使烦恼，围攻 TROUBLE, HARASS
beleaguer<>delight
belligerent obsequious:servile=belligerent:assertive <同义assertive: 1 : disposed to or characterized by bold or confident assertion ， belligerent 2 : inclined to or exhibiting assertiveness, hostility, or combativeness>
bellwether n.系铃的公羊, 前导, 领导者, 群众的首领
bellwether:leadership=advisor:consultant
bend bend:rigid=submerge:buoyant=dissolve:insoluble
beseech [bI5si:tF] v. 祈求，恳求
supplicant:beseeching=coquette:flirtatious
bibliophile [`bIblIEJfaIl] n. 爱书者，藏书家
bigot bigot:tolerant=provincial:cosmopolitan {servile:domination} （人及其反面特征）
List 4(11.10)
bit [bIt] n. 钻头
bland [blAnd] adj. 温和的,乏味的,冷漠的
tangy<>bland
blase [5blB:zei] adj. 对享乐 【人生】 等厌倦的, 冷漠的，无动于衷的
miser:munificent=zealot:blase
blaspheme [blAs5fi:m] vt.vi. 辱骂，亵渎
blast blast:whiff=gush:trickle
blazon [5bleIz(E)n] vt. 以家徽装饰，宣布 n. 纹章
alliterate:remove=blazon:efface
blazon<>efface
bleach [bli:tF] vt. 漂白
blight blighted<>hale/sound
bliss dislike:loathing=pleasure:bliss （程度类比）
blunder protocol:blunder=bumper:damage
blurb [bl\:b] n. 简介，推荐广告印在书籍封套上的简介
blurb:notice=gloss:explanation （种属,特征:简要）【注:gloss:a brief explanation】
blurb:notice=cameo:appearance
blurt [bl\:t] vt.未加思索地冲口说出, 突然说出
flit:move=blurt:utter
bluster [5blQstE(r)] vt. 风狂吹，咆哮，汹涌
pontificate:pompous=scoff:derisive=drawl:slow=bluster:loud=prate:aimless
boggle [5bR^(E)l] vi. 犹豫，踌躇，吃惊，搪塞
boggle<>embolden
bonhomie [bRnE5mi:] n. 好性情,温和,和蔼
boo [5bu:] v.作嘘声, 嘘（某人）用嘘声表示不满、蔑视或反对
snare< >boo
bootless [`bU:tlIs] adj. 无用的,无益
bore entrance<>disappoint/disgust/repel/repulse/bore
bough [baJ] n. 大树枝
bound boundless<>limited boundary<>unrestrained
bracing [5breEsIN] n./adj. 增加气力的,令人振奋的,提神的,使心神清爽的
bracing<>vapid denounce<>bracing
brackish [5brAkIF] adj. 有盐味的,可厌的 :REPULSIVE
braid [breId] v.编织
grooved:striated=braided:stranded
brash [brAF] adj. 性急的,仓促的,无礼的,傲慢的
frivolous:gravity=brash:discretion
brassy [5brB:sI] adj. 似黄铜的,厚脸皮的
furtive<>open/forthright/brassy brassy<>unassertive
brattish [`brAtIF] adj. (指小孩) 讨厌的; 宠坏的; 不听话的; 不礼貌的
tightfisted:parsimonious=brattish:mischievous
bravura [brE5vJErE] n./adj. 雄壮华丽的,气势磅礴的
bravura:performance=resplendent:appearance
bray [breI] v. 大声而刺耳地发出（叫唤或声音）
brazen impudence:brazen=deadpan:impassive
brazen<>self effacing
breezeway [`bri:zweI] n. 有屋顶的通路
bribe [braIb] v. & n. 贿赂，收买
bridle [5braId(E)l] v. 限制,阻止
bridled<>without restraint
bristle [5brIs(E)l] n. 硬毛 v. 气势汹汹，直立,发怒,充满
bromide [5brEJmaId] n. 溴化物（镇静药用），平庸的人或物
browbeat [5braJbi:t] vt. (用神情、言词) 威吓; 严词厉色地斥责
bruit [5bru:t] vt. 散播 to noise abroad:REPORT
bruit<>keep secret
buck [bQk] n. ①雄鹿 ②美元 v. (马)跳跃，反对,吹牛,闲聊
buck<>assent to
bucolic hovel/shed/hut:palatial=city:bucolic
budge palter:candor=diehard:budge 【palter 词性不符】（人物及其反面特征动作）
buffoon [bQ5fu:n] n.丑角，缺乏教养之人
ludicrous:buffoon=dissolute:libertine=humorous:wag
bulge bulge<>depressed region
bully underdog<>bully
bumptious [5bQmpFEs] adj. 瞎自夸的,瞎自大的,傲慢的
dour:geniality=bumptious:humbleness
bungle bungle<>bring off
burial [5berIEl] n.安葬，埋葬，埋藏
burrow ditch:canyon=burrow/grotto:cavern （程度类比）
busybody [5bIzIbRdI] n.爱管闲事的人, 好事的人
ascetic:self-denial=busybody:intrusive
butt [bQt] v.以头抵撞, 碰撞
butt:head=nudge:elbow
buttress buttress:edifice=splint:limb
contravene<>buttress
bygone [5baI^Rn] n. 过去的事,往事
cabal cabal:association=plot:plan （种属强调秘密的特征）
cabal:association=spat:quarrel (种属,强调小的特征)
cadge [kAdV] v.行乞，乞求
cadge<>earn
caisson [5keIs(E)n] n. 弹药箱,弹药车,潜水箱(水中工程用)
chevron:badge=caisson:cart
calibrate measure:dimensions=calibrate:diameter=gauge:pressure=plumb:depth=assess:value
callous [5kAlEs] adj.无情的, 冷淡的, 硬结的, 起老茧的
callow apoplectic:calm=callow:mature
callus gully:erosion=callus:friction
calumniate corroborate:evidence=calumniate:falsehood
cameo peccadillo:offense=cameo:sculpture （小:正常）
candor candor:subterfuge=brash:deliberate
cane [keIn] n. 拐杖，被用来帮助行走或当作一种饰物而携带的棍子
canopy canopy:cover=tag:identify
List 5(11.11)
caprice apophasis:claim=caprice:deliberate （反面特征）
caption [5kApF(E)n] n. 说明,字幕,标题
careworn [5keEwC:n] adj. 疲倦的,饱经忧患的
careworn<>lighthearted
carp [kB:p] vi. 吹毛求疵,挑剔
caviler:carping=libertine:licentious complain:carp=drink:guzzle
cast letter:signature=playbill:cast (?) 信:签名=节目单:安排（特殊与一般）playbill : a bill advertising a play and usually announcing the cast
catastrophe oxymoron:contradictory=mishap:catastrophic （正面特征）
categorical categorical<>qualified/conditional
catholic [5kAWElIk] adj.天主教的,宽宏大量的,一般的,普遍的
catholic<>narrow
caustic caustic<>palliating/genial caustic<>smooth
cavalier rapscallion:mischievous= sluggard:lazy {cavalier:arrogant} 【注:cavalier 作为名词是没有贬义的】
caveat [5kAvIAt] n.警告; 防止误解的说明
overture/preamble:introductory=caveat:warning/ cautionary
cavil cavil:criticize=probe:investigate=nitpick:criticize=cavil:object （程度类比）
cavort [kE5vC:t] vi. 腾跃to walk or move in a spirited manner:PRANCE
cavort<>trudge
cede cede<>possess
censor censorship:communication=preservative:decay=censorship:information=sanitation:disease （防止关系）
censorious [sen5sC:rIEs] adj. 受批判的,挑剔的 marked by or given to censure
pliable:influenced=censorious:condemned (?)
census [5sensEs] n. 户口普查
cessation n. 中止，（短暂的）停止
chaff winnow:chaff=filter:impurities
chagrin [FE5^ri:n]n. 懊恼, 气愤, 委屈
chagrin:mind=grimace:face
champion [5tFAmpIEn] vt. 保卫,拥护
champion<>disparage impugn<>champion
charade 装模作样 [FE5reId] n. 看手势猜字谜游戏;装模作样
chasm [5kAz(E)m] n. 深渊:GORGE，大差别，代沟
cleft:chasm=cut:gash
check [tFek] n.阻止, 制止, 控制, 阻止物, 支票,
jolt:move=check:stop
propagate<>check goad<>check check<>hasten
chevron [5FevrEn] n. (军人佩戴以示军衔和军兵种的)v形臂章
chevron:badge=caisson:cart
chiaroscuro [kIB:rE5skJErEJ] n.(绘画中的)明暗对照法;用明暗对照法绘的图画
chiaroscuro:contrast=filigree:delicacy={tapestry:intricacy } (物品及其特征关系）
chic [Fi:k,FIk] adj. 漂亮的，时髦的
chicanary chicanery:clever=tactlessness:truthful （褒贬程度关系）
choke [tFEJk] vt. 窒息,阻塞,噎,抑制
chord [kC:d] n.弦, 和音, 情绪
constellation:star=chord:note{ queue:person}
churl uncouth:churl=conspiratorial:conniver
circumspect temerity<>circumspection
cistern cistern:liquids=landfill:refuse
citation 传票 [saI5teIF(E)n] n. 引用,引证,引用文,传票
clandestine [klAn5destIn] adj.秘密的
clarion clarion<>soft and undistinct
clarity consensus:factionalism=clarity:confusion misunderstood:clarify=erroneous:retract ramshackle:soundness=garbled:clarity
roil<>clarify/appease
clasp [klB:sp] n. 扣子,钩,紧握
lathe:shape=clasp:fasten
cleft cleft:chasm=cut:gash
cliche hodgepodge:uniformity=cliche:original
closed-minded adj.倔强的, 顽固的
clout clout<>impuissance
cloy garrulous:talkative=cloying:sweet （褒贬程度类比）
coalesce polarize<>coalesce
coda dessert:meal=epilogue:play=coda:sonata
coeval [kEJ5i:v(E)l]adj. 同年龄的，同时代的
congruent:dimension=coeval:age
List 6(11.11)
cognizant [5kR^nIzEnt] adj. 已认识,既知道,晓得
incognizance:knowledgeable=penury:wealthy
colonnade [kRlE5neId] n. 柱廊
colonnade:pillar=queue:person
comely comeliness<>unattractiveness
comity comity<>enmity
commencement cease<>inaugurate/commencement commencement<>matriculation
commitment crime:misdemeanor=commitment:decision dilettante:commitment=nonentity:consequence （反面特征关系）
commotion squall:commotion=flash:illumination
complaisance 柔顺 [kEm5pleIzEns] n. 彬彬有礼,殷勤,柔顺
complaisance<>obstinacy
compose discombobulate<>compose
compromise implacable:compromise=honest:swindle
compunction compunction<>absence of misgiving { animosity }
concerted mutually [kEn5s\:tId] adj. 商议好的,协定的,预定的mutually contrived or agreed on
concerted<>individually devised
conciliate sop:conciliatory=subsidy:supportive （正面特征关系）
conciliate<>vex
Synonyms: PACIFY, appease, assuage, mollify, placate, propitiate, sweeten
concur [kEn5k\:(r)] vi. 意见相同,一致,互助; 同时发生
concur<>naysay concur<>dissent
condign condign<>undeserved/unmerited
condole [kEn5dEJl] v. 表达同情或悲伤 to express sympathetic sorrow
condolence:sympathy/compassion=gibe:derision
condone [kEn5dEJn] vt. 赦,宽恕
condone<>denounce condone<>exact
conducive [kEn5duBsIv] adj.有助于…的
conducive:foment=tonic:invigorate
confess recantation:error=confession:crime
confidant [kRnfI5dEnt] n. 心腹朋友,知己
confine loose:confinement=disabuse:misconception
conform heretic:unconformity=generous:liberality { authority:superiority }
congeal congeal<>melt/disintegrated
congruent incongruent:conform=recalcitrant:obey
conjecture conjecture<>restrain from the speculation conjecture<>fact
conquest [5kRnkwest] n. 战胜,征服,战利品
conscientiouse conscientious<>careless
consensus expedition:foot dragging=consensus:factionalism
conservative contumacious:authority=reactionary/hidebound/conservative:change/innovation/novelty
conserve [5kRns\:v] n. 蜜饯,果酱 vt. 保存,保全
conserve<>waste/squander/exhaust
considerable 重要的[kEn5sIdErEb(E)l] adj. 相当的,可观的,重要的 :SIGNIFICANT
restive:calmness=piddling:considerable
console [5kRnsEJl] n.悬臂，肘托；控制台 vt. 安慰,藉慰
disturb:serenity = console:grief <消除关系>
consonant consonant<>discrepant
conspicuous hermitage:secluded=landmark:conspicuous （建筑物及其正面特征）
constrained intemperate<>constrained
contagious sprain:injure=cold:contagion
contaminate hedge:loss=quarantine:contamination=safeguard:accident
contemplate [5kRntempleIt] vt. 注视,沉思,打算
contempt paragon:admire=pariah:contempt wince:pain=smile:pleasure=pout:displeasure=sneer:contempt
estimable<>contemptible
contentious [kEn5tenFEs] adj. 好辩的，喜争吵的
contentious<>conciliatory
contort contortion:body=grimace:face
contrite impenitent<>contrite
contrived [kEn5traIvd] adj. 做作的,不自然的
control [kEn5trol] n. 对照物个体在对照实验中被用作对照标准的一个或一组物体
control<>group experimented on
conundrum [kE5nQndrEm] n.(答案有双关意义的)谜语, 难题
convalesce recidivism:relapse=rehabilitation:convalesce
convention overdose:prescription=indiscretion:convention (?) （过分关系）
ossify<>transcend conventions
eccentric:conventional=doyen:uninitiated <反义>
conversant [kEn5v\:sEnt] adj.亲近的, 有交情的, 熟悉的
conversant<>ignorant
convert hunter:quarry=proselytizer:convert
List 7(11.11)
copious copious<>sparse
coquette [kR5ket] n. 风骚的女人,爱卖弄风情的女子,玩弄男人的女人
cord [kC:d] n. 绳索,束缚，木料计量单位
ream:paper=cord:wood
cordon levee:river=cordon:crowd
coronation [kC:rE5neF(E)n] n.加冕，加冕礼
coronation:reign=wedding:marriage
corral [kE5rAl] vt. 占有，围住 n. 畜栏
cosset [5kRsIt] v. 宠爱，娇养
cosset<>slight
countenance countenance<>condemn
court [kC:t] n.法院，法庭；庭院 vt. 献殷勤,追求,招致危险
court<>repel intentionally/repulse intentionally/snub
coven [5kQv(E)n] n. (尤指十三个) 女巫的集会
retainer:retinue=witch:coven
covetous troubled:distraught=covetous:rapacious
cow [kaJ] v.恐吓，吓倒,威胁
pluck<>cowardice
cower fear:cower=anger:rant （动作及其表现）
craft [krB:ft] n. 技艺,手艺,诡计
cramp [krAmp] 2adj. 狭窄的,难解的
crave spurn<>court/crave/embrace
crest crest:wave=summit/peak:mountain
crockery [5krRkErI] n.陶器, 瓦器 EARTHENWARE
cronyism [`krEJnIIzLm ] n. 任人唯亲
nepotism:relative=cronyism:friend
croon [kru:n] v. 低声歌唱 ，低吟
croon:sing=murmur:speak
crouch [kraJtF] v. 蹲伏、弯腰
crown inaugurate:president=install:official=crown:king
crutch [krQtF] n. 拐杖,支撑,帮助
crux crux<>peripheral element
culpable exemplary:imitation=culpable:blame
cultivate feral<>cultivated
curator ranger:forest=curator:museum
curriculum curriculum:course=menu:dish { agenda:meeting }
curtail curtail:period=enervate:energy
dabble martinet:leniency=dabbler:dedication
dabbler<>specialist
daft adj. 傻的，愚蠢的
damp sere<>lush/damp dampen<>scorch
damper [5dAmpE(r)] n.起抑制作用的因素, 节气闸, 断音装
dandy miser:hoard=dandy:preen=sycophant:fawn=pundit:opinion
dapper [5dApE(r)] adj. 衣冠楚楚的；干净的
dapper<>frowsy
dastard [5dAstEd] n.懦夫, 胆小的人
daunt daunting<>meek
dawdle hie<>dawdle
dearth plethora<>dearth spate<>dearth
debase enervate:vitality=debase:value debase:status=lower:height
debris debris:destroy=ash:burn
debut debut:career=embarkment:journey
decadence decadence<>wholesomeness
decant subterfuge:deceive=decant:pour (?) 【词性不符】应为decanter
decode tacit:infer=encoded:decode
decrepit decrepit<>sound
dedicate zeal:dedication=mesmerism:interest
default default:pay=yield:resist
defer emulation:exemplar=deference:authority 效法:榜样（行为及其对象）
List 8(11.11)
defile precipice:steepness=defile:narrowness
definitive [dI5fInItIv] adj.最后的, 确定的, 权威性的
deforest [di:5fC:rIst] vt.采伐森林, 清除树林
defuse [di:5fju:z] vt. 放松，抚慰，减轻 , 去掉...的雷管
defuse<>foment
dehydrate dehydrate:moisture=desertification:vegetation
deject [dI5dVekt] vt. 使沮丧,使灰心
mollify:anger=hearten:dejection
delicacy husky<>delicate
chiaroscuro:contrast={ tapestry:intricacy } filigree:delicacy 【注:此题争议很大， 已经由机考判分数据确认 】
delinquent [dI5lINkwEnt] n. 行为不良的人 adj. 有过失的
delude delusion:thought=hallucination:perception {mirage:imagination} <行为及其特殊方式>
transparent<>delusive
delve [delv] vt. & vi. 探究,查考
scrutinize:gloss=delve:skim
demagogue [5demE^R^] n. 煽动者,群众煽动者
demise [dI5maIz] n.死亡 vt. 让渡,遗赠,转让
demotic adj.通俗的 , 与平民有关的；大众化的
demotic<>profound
denigrate [5denI^reIt] vt. 使变黑,玷污,诋毁
denouement [deI5nu:mC:N] n.(小说的)结尾,结局
joke:punch line=plot:denouement 笑话:妙语=情节:结尾 （ 事物及其最重要部分）
denounce admonish:denounce=punish:pillory {persuade:convince} （种属关系/一般:公开）
denude denude<>cover
deplore [dI5plC:(r)] vt. 悲悼,哀叹, 谴责感到或表达强烈的不满意；指责
deplore<>accolade/extol
deploy [dI5plCI]v.［军］展开,调度,部署 to extend (a military unit) especially in width
deploy<>concentrate
deportation [di:pC:5teIF(E)n]n. 驱逐,放逐
deportation:country=eviction:dwelling
Synonyms: EXILE, banishment, displacement, expulsion, ostracism, relegation
depose 作证 [dI5pEJz] vt. 免职,废,作证
perjure<>deposition
depravity [dI5prAvItI] n. 堕落,腐败,邪恶
doldrums:energy=depravity:virtue
deprecate [5deprIkeIt] vt. 声明不赞成,抨击,反对
vaunt<>deprecate
depreciate fawn:hauteur=self depreciate:swagger （行为及其反面特征）
depreciation:value=ossification:flexible (应为flexibility)
depress protuberant<>depressed
deracinate [dIprI5veIF(E)n] vt. 根除,灭绝,使孤立 UPROOT
deracinate<>plant
derelict [5derIlIkt] n. 遗弃物,被遗弃的人,玩忽职守者
derelict<>pillar of society
deride pontificate:pompous=scoff:derisive=drawl:slow=bluster:loud=prate:aimless
derivative precursory<>derivative
derogatory [dI5rR^EtC:rI] adj. 贬损的
desert [dI5z\:t]vt. 放弃,遗弃,逃跑
designate foreword:introductory=appellation:designate
despair abandon:inhibition=despair:hope
despicable despicable:value=mulish:flexible
desultory assiduous<>remiss/desultory
detach tether<>detach
detain detain<>manumit
deter intrepid:deter=rapt:distract
deter<>spur
detract [dI5trAkt] vt. & vi. 减去,贬低, 转移
detritus [dI5traItEs] n. 碎石, 堆积物；废墟:a product of disintegration, destruction, or wearing away
detritus<>valuable product
devise [dI5vaIz] vt. 设计,发明,图谋,遗赠给
devote devoted:zealous=careful:fastidious ,fanatic:devoted=prude:proper (形容词的程度比较)
elegiac:sorrow=devotional:reverence
devout [dI5vaJt] adj. 虔诚的,虔敬的,衷心
impiety<>devoutness
dew [dju:] n. 露水
dew:condensation=rust:corrosion
diaphanous diaphanous<>substantial <3 : INSUBSTANTIAL, VAGUE>
didactic [dI`dAktIk] adj．教诲的、说教的
didactic:teach=hortatory:urge=exhortative:urge { generous:liberality } （ 形容词与动词的正面关系）
die reel:winding=die:shaping=drill:boring
diehard [5daIhB:d] adj.顽固的
palter:candor=budge:diehard
diffident expansive<>reserved/diffident/taciturn/withdrawn
diffuse [dI5fju:s] adj.散开的,罗嗦的 v.
euphemism:offensive=aphorism:diffuse
digit fang:tooth=finger:digit
dilapidate dilapidated<>restored
dilettante dilettante:commitment=nonentity:consequence
diminish [dI5mInIF] v.减少,减损（权势、声誉）使权势、声誉或地位降低
din stench:nose=din:ear
dingus [`dIN^Es]n. ((俚))新发明品; 新玩意儿
diocesan [dBI`CsIsEn] n./adj. 主教管区的
diocesan<>ecumenical 教区的<>全世界的
dire [5daIE(r)] adj. 可怕的,悲惨的,阴惨的,极端的
disarm bait<>disarm
List 9(11.12)
discard retain<>discard
discerning palatable:savory=discernible:manifest （形容词程度类比）
perspicacious:discerning=ravishing:attractive （形容词程度类比）
myopic<>discerning
discipline coltish:discipline=loutish:grace （缺乏关系）
obstreperous<>disciplined
discography [dIs`dC^rEfI] n. (按作曲家、演奏家或演唱家分类之) 音乐唱片分类录
list:discography=tool:hoe （种属关系）
discommode [dIskE5mEJd] v. 使不便；打扰；给…添麻烦
discommode<>oblige discommode<>convenience/pacificate/ease/mollify
disconcert disconcert<>placate
discord discordant:sound=anachronistic:time
discrepancy [dI5skrepEnsI] n. 不同，矛盾
discrepancy<>converge
discretion frivolous:gravity=brash:discretion foolish:discretion=impecunious:money <缺乏关系>
discretionary [dIs`kreFEnErI] adj.随意的,自由裁量的
discretionary<>mandatory discretionary<>preordain
discriminate sentinel:watchful=epicure:discriminating
discursive discursive<>keen on title discursive<>succinct
disdain snub:disdain=double-cross:disloyalty
disengage disengage<>mesh 【注:mesh:to cause (as gears) to engage】
disgruntle [dIs`^rQntl] vt. 使不高兴
disgruntle<>refresh disgruntled<>contented
disguise padding:damage=disguise:recognition （防止关系）
disgust scowl:displeasure=kiss:affection{ hurl:disgust}
entrancing<>disappoint/disgust/repel/repulse/bored (词性不符)
dishevel [dI`FevEl] vt. 使蓬乱,使头发凌乱
disjunctive [dIs5dVQNktIv] adj. 可分的,分离的,分隔的
nominal:significance=disjunctive:unity
disparate disparate<>analogous
dispassionate [dI5spAF(E)nEt] adj.冷静的, 不带感情的, 平心静气的
dispassionate<>partial
disquiet disquiet<>put at ease
disregard flout:disregard=taunt:challenge
dissect specimen:dissect=sentence:parse
disseminate nucleate<>disseminate
dissension n. 意见不合,纠纷,倾轧
dissertation [dIsE5teIF(E)n] n. 论文
dissolute ludicrous:buffoon=dissolute:libertine=humorous:wag
dissolve [dI5zRlv] vt.vi. 溶解,解散
coagulate<>liquefy/dissolve
dissuade remonstrance:dissuade=reprehension:censure
distention distention<>compression
distinction nicety:distinction=spoof:parody <种属>
nebulous<>distinct repute<>lack of distinction
distort brevity:aphorism=distortion:caricature
distress agonized:distress=obsessed:concern （形容词与动词的正面关系, 应为程度关系）
district gerrymander:district=rig:contest
ditch [dItF] n.沟, 沟渠, 壕沟
ditch:canyon=burrow:cavern
ditty [5dItI] n. 小调,小曲
fable:tale=ditty:song
divestiture divestiture<>acquisition
divulge [daI5vQldV] vt.泄漏(秘密等);宣布,公布
dodder [5dRdE(r)] vi. 摇摆,蹒跚 to progress feebly and unsteadily
dodder:unsteady=cavort:sprightly
doff doff<>don
dogged dogged<>yielded dogged<>easily discouraged
doggo [dC:^EJ] adv. ((俚)) (一动不动地) 隐藏着
dogma dogma<>heresy
dolorous dolorous<>jubilant/happy
dolt [dEJlt] n. 呆子,笨蛋,傻瓜
domicile nomad:domicile=freelancer:employer
dour [dJE(r)] adj. 不爱讲话的,沉沉的,严厉的
dour:geniality=bumptious:humbleness
downpour [5daJnpC:(r)] n. 暴雨
downpour:flooding=wind:erosion (名词及其结果)
doyen [5dCIEn] n. 老资格,首席
eccentric:conventional=doyen:uninitiated
doze doze:sleep=nudge:prod
draconian palmy:prosperity=draconian:severity draconian:inclemency=fret:vexation
drain tonic<>draining { nagging }
dreary jocund<>dreary
drench drenched:wet=antithetic:different
drivel [5drIv(E)l] vi. 淌口水,说傻话 n.流口水, 胡言乱语, 糊涂话
nonsensical:drivel=pompous:bombast
droll [drEJl] adj. 古怪的，好笑的
droll<>grave droll<>serious droll<>somber
drudgery [5drQdVErI] n. 苦差事,苦工
dulcet [`dQlsIt] adj．（声音）悦耳的，美妙的 pleasing to the ear
cacophonous<>dulcet/euphonious
dull tarnish:dull=vitrify:smooth
perspicuous<>dull trenchant<>vague/dull
perspicacious<>dull { awkard } 注:强调思维状态,而非行为特征】
dullard [5dQlEd] n.愚人, 笨蛋
dyspeptic 脾气坏的 [dIs`peptIk] adj.消化不良的,胃弱的,患胃病的, 脾气坏的
earnest facetious<>earnest
earshot [5IEFRt] n. 听力所及之范围,声音所及的距离
earshot:hear=ken:see
List 10(11.12)
earsplitting earsplitting:loud=heartrending:sad
ebullience ebullience<>torpor ebullient<>torpid ebullience<>lifelessness
echelon [5eFElRn] n.［军］梯队;组织系统中的等级
echelon:hierarchy=??
eclat [eI5klB:] n. 辉煌的成就; 喝采; 名声 brilliant or conspicuous success
eclat<>fiasco
eclipse eclipse<>make distinctive eclipse<>make more prominent/bring to more prominent
ecumenical [i:kjJ5menIk(E)l] adj. 世界范围的，节俭的,一般性的, 普遍性的
diocesan<>ecumenical ecumenical<>factionalism/provincial
efface efface<>emboss efface<>institute(?) efface: also : to cause to vanish efface<>bring to preeminent efface<>aggrandize
effete effete<>hale/sound
effluvia [I`flU:vjE] n. pl. 臭气(effluvium的复数形式),没用的副产品
effluvia<>desired products
effulgent bootless:futility=effulgent:resplendence
effusive emotion:effusive=liberty:licentious{ manner:grandious} （后者过分地表现了前者）
egalitarian meliorism:progress=egalitarian:equity
eleemosynary [9elIi:`mCsInErI] adj. 施舍的,慈善的,接受接济的
philanthropist:eleemosynary=??
elegant insolent<>polite {elegant}
elf [elf] n.小精灵, 矮人, 淘气鬼, 恶作剧的人, 恶人
elicit evoke<>fail to elicit
elliptical [I5lIptIk(E)l] adj.椭圆的；省略的 , 朦胧的,含糊的
区别:ellipsis（n. 省略,省略符号）ellipse （n. 椭圆）
elliptical<>palpable
elucidate obfuscate<>elucidate/illuminate/explain clearly
emaciate firmness:obstinacy=supple:spineless/thin:emaciated (程度类比)【注:词性不符】
emanate [5emEneIt] vi. 散发,发出,发源
emancipate emancipate<>shackle emancipation<>bondage
embark [Im5bB:k] vi. 乘船,着手,从事,上飞机
embarrass blush:embarrassment=nod:agreement/bow:respect/shrug:indifference
embed embed<>extract
embezzle [Im5bez(E)l] vt.盗用, 挪用
embolden boggle<>embolden embolden<>abash/faze/cow
embrace abjure<>embrace/espouse spurn<>court ,crave, embrace
emigrate repatriate:emigration=repeal:ratification
emphasis underscore:emphasis=brand:ownership
enact rescission<>enactment
enamel [I5nAm(E)l] n. 珐琅,瓷釉
enamel:tooth=bark:tree
endorse rider:bill=endorsement:policy (前是后的附加)
deprecate<>endorse
enfeeble eclipse:prestige=enervation/enfeeble:vigor
enfranchise enfranchise<>enfetter enfranchise<>resubject
engender quash<>engender
enigmatic juggernaut:unstoppable=enigma:impenetrable
enigmatic<>broadly known { wildly accepted}
ennui ennui<>exuberance ennui<>keen interest
ensue [In5su:] vi.跟着发生, 继起
anterior<>ensuing
enthusiasm enthusiasm:mania=suspicion:paranoia
halfhearted<>enthusiastic
entreaty command:entreaty=goad:enticement
entry journal:entries=run:performance <个体组成团体的关系>
enunciate enunciate<>mumble
envision [In`vIVLn] vt. 想象,预想 to picture to oneself
ephemeral ephemeral<>eternal
epic [5epIk] 史诗；英勇的;超出正常范围的
epic<>modest
epitomize [I`pItEmaIz] vt. 摘要,概括
equable equable<>intemperate
equipoise equipoise:vacillate=??
equity illiteracy:education=inequity:redistribution （消除关系）
equivocate grandstand:impress=equivocate:deceive （目的关系）<为博取观众喝彩而卖弄(技巧)>
erect suspend<>erect slouch<>stand erect prostrate<>erect
erode wind:erosion=downpour:flooding <导致关系>
singe:incinerate=erode:destruction （程度类比）
errant [5erEnt] adj. 周游的,错误的,不定的
erudite erudite<>smattering of knowledge/ignorant/unlettered
esoteric [i:sEJ5terIk] adj．秘传的，神秘的
espouse lurk:concealment=espouse:marriage （种属）
Example
List 11
esteem esteem:idolatrize=favor:bribe （程度褒贬类比）
stigma<>mark of esteem odium<>esteem
estimable [5estImEb(E)l] adj. 可尊敬的,可估计的 worthy of esteem
estrangement estrangement<>rapprochement
ethereal ponderous<>ethereal/gossamer/lively
ethics [`eWIks] n. 道德规范
logic:reasoning=ethics:behavior
euphoria satisfaction:euphoria=??
evacuate evacuate<>conquer/occupy
evade evade:answer=goldbrick:work
evasive [I5veIsIv] adj. 逃避的,回避的,托辞的
everlasting countless/innumerable/myriad/untold:number=everlasting/interminable:duration
evict [I5vIkt] vt. 逐出,赶出,驱逐
deportation:country=eviction:dwelling evict:residence=banish:country
harbor<>evict
ewe sheep:ewe=swan:pen 【注:pen:A female swan.】
exacerbate palliate<>exacerbate mitigate<>exacerbate
exacting condone<>exact
exasperate mollify<>exasperate
excerpt aside:digression=summary:excerpt
excruciate [Ik`skrU:FIeIt] vt.施酷刑，拷问，折磨
excruciate <>exult (疑为exolt) (exult,vi, excruciate 2 : to subject to intense mental distress)
excursive [Ik5sk\:sIv] adj. 游览的,离题的,散漫的
digress:excursive=reiterate:redundant
execrate [5eksIkreIt] v.憎恶，咒骂
exemplary corrective:amends=paradigm:exemplify (?词性)校正物:赔偿=范例:例证 （事物及其作用）amends:RECOMPENSE, amend v. to correct
exhortative exhortation:motivate=persiflage:incite=obloquy:discredit
exorbitant exorbitant:moderation=perfidious:loyalty （事物及其反面特征）
exotic exotic<>indigenous
expansive expansive<>malicious (?) expansive<>limited
expiation guilt:expiation=fatigue:repose
expurgate vendor:purvey=censor:expurgate （人及其特征动作）
exquisite [5ekskwIzIt] adj.优美的, 高雅的, 精致的, 剧烈的, 异常的, 细腻的, 敏锐的
extenuate moderate:intensity=extenuate:seriousness
exterminate [ek5st\:mIneIt] vt. 扑灭,消灭,根绝
extinguish extinguish<>kindle extinguish<>rekindle
extraneous extraneous<>essential extraneous<>intuitive(?)
extravagant frugality<>extravagancy
extricate [5ekstrIkeIt] v. 拯救，救出
exuberant 喜悦充溢的 [Ig5zju:bErEnt] adj. 繁茂的,丰富的,非凡的， 喜悦充溢的
ennui<>exuberance <2 a : joyously unrestrained and enthusiastic>
soaking:wet::exuberant:happy=frigid:cool
fabricate discompose:placid=fabricate:ingenuous
faction law:criminality=consensus:factionalism {lesson:falsehood}【注:{}错误，falsehood无“失败,错误”之意】
fade abate:intensity=fade:loudness
fail-safe n.自动防故障装置
faint stentorian<>faint
fainthearted [5feint5hB:tid] adj. 懦弱的,无精神的,胆小的
falter falter:act=stammer:speak
fantasy nicety:precision=illusion:fantasy
fast [fAst] n. 绝食,斋戒 the act to eat sparingly or abstain from some foods
fast:eat=respite:labor=moratorium:act
fastidious fastidious:outshine=recalcitrant:resist (?) (人物个性及其特征行为)
fatuous fatuous<>astute
fawn reprobate:misbehave=sycophant:fawn （人及其正面特征）
fawn:attentive=garish:colorful （程度类比）
faze [feiz] vt. 打扰,折磨,使狼狈
feckless 1 : WEAK, INEFFECTIVE 2 : WORTHLESS, IRRESPONSIBLE
feckless<>responsible
feeble hardy<>tender/feeble
fender fender:collision=??
fetid [5fetId] adj. 有恶臭的
grating:sound=fetid:smell
fictitious fictitious<>factual
fidelity apostasy<>fidelity
List 12(11.13)
filigree chiaroscuro:contrast==filigree:delicacy {tapestry:intricacy}
【注:已经由机考判分数据确认 准确答案:chiaroscuro:contrast=filigree:delicacy 】
filly [5fIlI] n. 小雌马,小姑娘
filly:horse=pullet:chicken
finch [fIntF] n.【动】雀类(如燕雀,金翅雀等)
finch:bird=aspen:tree=lizard:reptile=eagle:bird
finicky fluent:glib=humorous:wry { meticulous:finicky } （褒贬程度类比）
flannel [5flAn(E)l] n.法兰绒；法兰绒衣服
flannel:cloth=linen:fabric{ limerick:poem 大概也可}
flaw v. 生裂缝 [flC:] n. 瑕疵，v. 生裂缝
glitch:flaw=peccadillo:error/sin/offense
flax clay:porcelain=flax:linen （前者是后者原料）
fledge vi. 长羽毛
fledge<>molt
flint pestle:grind=flint stone:sharpen （前是后的工具）
flirt flirt:decency=?? supplicant:beseeching=coquette:flirtatious
flit [flIt] n.vi.掠过, 迁徙, 迅速飞过, (鸟, 蝙蝠等)飞来飞去
flit:move=blurt:utter
flock flock<>segregate
flounder flounder:process=??
flounder<>slide
flout [flaJt] v\n.嘲弄,愚弄,轻视
flout:disregard=taunt:challenge
plumage plumage:bird=foliage:bush
fluster flustered<>calm
fluvial [5flu:vIEl] adj.河流的, 生长在河中的, 河流冲刷作用形成的
fluvial:river=sidereal:star
foible tiff:squabble=foible:failing
foil foil:metal=veneer:wood （前是镶在后者上的薄片）
folly [5fRlI] n.愚笨,愚蠢;傻念头a foolish act or idea
folly<>sagacious (?)【词性不符】
foment defuse<>foment quell<>foment/instigate/rouse foment<>quash/quell
ford ford:river=pass:mountain{ shore:lake } <通过前者穿过后者>
forgery plagiarism:ideas=forgery:documents
formidable formidable<>simple formidable<>enticing formidable<>reassuring
fortify vitiate<>fortify
foster 鼓励,培养 [5fC:rstEr] vt. 养育,抚育,抱(希望),鼓励,培养
foster<>stifle { retract }
founder [5faJndE(r)] vt. 弄摔倒,弄跛,浸水,破坏，淹没
fracture cement<>fracture 胶泥；结合剂；黏固粉 <>破碎
fraudulent authenticity:fraudulent=sincerity:hypocritical
freelancer [5fri:lB:nsE(r)] n. 自由作家；自由记者
freewheel vi. 轻松快活地行动,凭惯性前进
frenzy convulsion:contraction=frenzy:emotion
frequent frequent<>shun { avoid }【注:此题争议较大 shun侧重强调避开一个地方，avoid 侧重强调避开人或事物，防止发生】
fresco [5freskEJ] n.壁画
friction abraded:friction=desiccated:dehydration
frieze [fri:z] n. （在墙顶与天花板间起装饰作用的）横条，饰带
frieze:building=illumination:manuscript
frigid soaking:wet::exuberant:happy=frigid:cool
frivolous grandeur<>frivolous frivolous<>sober temperance<>frivolous (?)【词性不符】
frothy [`frCWI] adj.起泡的, 多泡的, 空洞的:INSUBSTANTIAL
frothy<>weighty
frugal frugal:impecunious=temperate:sober （后者是前者的原因 应为褒贬程度）
prodigal<>frugal
furnace [5f\:nIs] n. 火炉,熔炉,磨练
furnace:heat=generator:electricity
furor furor<>serenity
fury 狂怒的人,复仇女神 [5fjJErI] n.狂怒, 狂暴, 激烈, 狂怒的人,〈希神〉复仇女神
fusty [5fQstI] adj.旧式的, 霉臭的, 陈腐的, 古板的
fusty<>fresh
futility bootless:futility=effulgent:resplendence
gab [^Ab] n.饶舌, 多嘴, 爱说话 vi.空谈, 唠叨, 瞎扯
gadfly gadfly:goad=humorist:amuse （正面动作:gadfly刺激人、牛）
gaffe illusion:perception=gaffe:judgment （事物及其特征化方式）
gainsay gainsay<>affirm
gait gait:walk=parlance:speak
gall gall<>lull gall<>calm/assuage
galvanize galvanize<>lull galvanize<>allay
gangling [5^ANlIN] adj.瘦长得难看的
garble correct:accurate=garble:unintelligible （目的关系）
garnish prying:inquisitive=garish:colorful
garment hem:garment=ruffle:shirt=molding:cabinet 折边:衣服=褶皱:衬衫=木头的花纹:橱柜 （前者装饰后者）
gauche cacophony:voice=gaucherie:skill
gauge gauge:pressure=scale:weight 计量器:压力=天平:重量 （前者测量后者）
gear gear:tooth=screw:thread 齿轮:齿牙=螺杆:螺线 （组成关系）
genealogy [dVi:nI5AlEdVI] n. 系谱,宗谱,家系
genteel genteel<>loutish genteel<>churlish
List 13(11.13)
gesture parody:style=mime:gesture
giddy 轻率 [5^IdI] adj. 眼花的,头晕的 ,轻率 lightheartedly silly:FRIVOLOUS
giddiness<>grave giddy<>serious
glance peck:kiss=glance:look
glaze [^leIz] n. 釉,,上光,光滑面 v.装玻璃, 上釉, 使表面光滑to give a smooth glossy surface to
glaze:porcelain=varnish:wood=veneer:furniture
glib maladroit:skill=glib:profundity （缺乏关系）
glitch [^litF] n. 干扰;误操作,小故障 a usually minor malfunction
glitch:flaw=peccadillo:error/sin/offense
gloat [^lEut] vi. 满足地看,独自暗笑,贪婪地盯
primp:vain=gloat:smug
gloomy forthy<>gloomy
glossy varnish:glossy=sand:smooth
glut [^lQt] n. 大量,充斥,吃饱 an excessive quantity:OVERSUPPLY
glutinous glutinous<>non viscous
goggle [5^R^(E)l] n. 眼睛睁视,护目镜
goggles:eyes=gloves:hands=earmuff:ear
goldbrick [`^EJldbrIk] vi. 称病,欺诈,偷懒
gorge reticent:talk=abstemious:gorge
grandiose grandiose<>trivial
grandstand [`^rAndstAnd] v. 哗众取宠的表演, 正面看台
grant concede<>refuse to grant withhold<>grant
gratuitous gratuitous<>merited/warranted 无理由的<>应得的/有正当理由的
grave [^reIv] adj. 庄重的,严肃的,重大的,低沉的
droll<>grave grave<>insignificant giddiness<> gravity
green inexperience:green=pertinacity:refractory pelf:impecunious=experience:green
grievous smart:pain=grieve:sorrow 刺痛的:痛=悲伤的:悲伤（同义关系）
grievous<>slight (?) grievous: 3 : SERIOUS, GRAVE joyous<>grievous
grin [^rIn] vi.咧着嘴笑
pout<>grin
gripe [^raIp] v. ①腹部绞痛，②抱怨，诉苦
gripe:discontent=praise:admiration
grotesque imperial:significant=grotesque:fantasy
grove [^rEJv] n.小树林
grovel minion:dependent=groveler:petitioner
guarantee vouch<>refuse to guarantee 担保<>拒绝担保
guilt narcissism:love=guilt:blame <种属>
gullible mawkish:sentimental=gullible:trust 应为trustful
gully [5^QlI] n. 小峡谷,排水沟
gully:erosion=callus:friction
gum [^Qm] n. 树胶,橡皮,上帝,牙床
resin:tree=gum:rubber plant 树脂:树=树胶:橡胶树（前者由后者生成）
hackney windy:concise=hackneyed:original <反义关系> 7(windy:3 a : VERBOSE, BOMBASTIC b : lacking substance : EMPTY)
hale [heIl] adj. 强壮的,健壮的
half-baked adj.半生不熟的, 未完成的, 不完整的
half-baked<>well thought of
hallow hallow<>desecrate
halting [5hC:ltIN] adj. 跛的,蹒跚的,犹豫的 marked by a lack of sureness or effectiveness
fluent<>halting
ham-handed adj.笨手笨脚的
hamstring [5hAmstrIN] vt. 切断腿筋使成跛腿,使残废 to make ineffective or powerless:CRIPPLE
hamstring:effectiveness =?? （消除）
hangdog [5hANdR^] adj. 忧愁的,悲哀的,沮丧的,鬼鬼祟祟的,卑躬屈膝的,低贱的SAD, DEJECTED
hangdog<>buoyant hangdog<>elated
hankering [5hANkErIN] n. 渴望 to have a strong or persistent desire:YEARN
hankering<>odium hankering<>lack of desire
haphazard methodical<>haphazard systematic<>haphazard
harass haunt:familiar=harass:irritating
harbinger harbinger:presage=archetype:exemplify
harbor harbor<>evict
hard-bitten hard-bitten<>tender
hardheaded [hB:d5hedId] adj. 冷静的,脚踏实地的,无懈可击的
harebrained adj. 轻率的,欠考虑的,粗心的
harp [hB:p] n. 竖琴
horn:blow=harp:pluck
harry [5hArI] v. 掠夺，骚扰
harry<>comfort harried<>untroubled
harsh paean<>harshly lampoon harshen<>soften
hasty hasty<>well considered hasty<>deliberate
heart mollify:anger=heart:dejection
headlong headlong<>deliberate
hearken [5hB:kEn] vi.倾听to give respectful attention
hearken<>ignore
heartrending [5hB:trendIN] adj.令人心碎的, 伤心的, 悲惨的
helmet amulet:evil=helmet:injury
List 14(11.13)
hem [hem] n. （衣服或裙子的）褶边
hem:garment=ruffle:shirt=molding:cabinet
herald [5herEld] vt. 预报,宣布,传达,欢呼
unabashed:embarrassment=unheralded:announcement
hermit vegetarian:meat=hermit:society hermitage:secluded=landmark:conspicuous
hideous pulchritudinous<>hideous affinity<>aversion/hideousness
hie [haI] v. 急忙,疾走,催促
hike [haIk] v. 使高涨,拉起 n.提高，增加
backset<>hike
histrionic pedantic:scholar=histrionic:actor （人物及其正面特征）
hive tumultuous:bedlam=active:hive
hoard lavish<>hoard
hoary [5hC:rI]adj. 灰白的，久远的
hoary:old=??
hodgepodge [5hRdVpRdV] n. 混煮,杂菜,混淆
items:hodgepodge=people:rabble
homily pulchritude<>homeliness
honorarium amenity:comfortable=honorarium:grateful （目的关系）
horn horn:blow=harp:pluck
hovel [5hRvl] n. 小屋,杂物间,家畜小屋
hub spoke:hub=radius:center
humility panache<>humility
humor chide:pillory=humor:mollycoddle （程度关系）
hurdle [5h\:d(E)l] n. 障碍,跳栏 v. 用篱笆围,越过,克服
husk seed:husk=orange:rind
hypocritical authenticity:fraudulent=sincerity:hypocritical
ignite ignite<>extinguish
ignominy ignominious<>lofty,glory, honor; esteem, respect
ignore subtle:ignore=salient:observe
illuminati [I9lU:mI`nB:ti:] n. 先觉者; 智者
interpreter:translate=illuminati:instruct
illumination stylus:mark=lamp:illumination 铁笔:刻痕=灯:照明（物品及其用途）
illusion nicety:precision=illusion:fantasy <同义关系>
immaculate squalor<>immaculate
immaterial immaterial:relevance=peripheral:center=circuitous:directness
immemorial immemorial<>recent
immune overexposure:jaded=vaccination:immune (因果关系)
immure immure<>release immure<>liberate
impassive perfervid<>impassive 非常热心的<>冷漠的
impend [Im5pend] vi.进行威胁, 即将发生
remote<>impending
impenitent rueful<>impenitent
imperial imperial<>obedient
imperious imperious<>servile/obedient deferential<>imperious
impertinent impertinence<>respect/relevence
imperturbable ticklish /testiness / volatility<>imperturbability
impervious impervious:imfriable=nonflammable:combustible impervious:penetrate=ineluctable:avoid
translucent<>impervious of light
imposing imposing<>modest
impromptu ad lib:impromptu=aside:divergent
improvise rite<>improvised act
impudent [5ImpjJdEnt] adj. 放肆无礼的,厚颜无耻的
impudence:brazen=deadpan:impassive
impudent<>deferential/respectful
impugn impugn<>vindicate impugn<>uphold
impuissance clout<>impuissance
inalienable inalienable:surrendered=implacable:propitiated
inane inane<>expressive, meaningful, pregnant, significant, weighty, substantiated
List 15(11.14)
incandescent incandescent<>dull
incendiary insurgent:rebel=incendiary:agitate
inception inception:termination=matriculation:graduation
inch [IntF] v. 慢慢前进,慢慢移动
accrete:grow::inch:advance
incinerate singe:incinerate=erode:destruction （程度类比）
incipient incipient:realized=tangible:indefinite { moribund:dead} (反义关系)
incite incitant<>insensible (???) incitant n of incite
incogitant [In`kCdVItEnt] adj. 『罕』无思想的; 粗心的; 不体谅的
incogitant:thoughtful=restive:calm
inconsequential [InkRnsI5kwenF(E)l] adj. 不合逻辑的,不合理的,不重要的
apocalyptic:prophetic=inconsequential:illogical
incontrovertible [9InkCntrE`v\:tEbl] adj. 无争论余地的,无疑的,明白的
incontrovertible:disputed=untenable:defended{ravenous:satisfied} {intrepid:feared}
incorrigible incorrigible:amend=irradicable:remove
tractability<>incorrigibility
inculcate [5InkQlkeIt] vt. 教授,谆谆教诲,教育
incursion incursion<>retreat
indelible indelible:forget=astounding:expect
indemnity [In5demnItI] n. 赔偿,补偿,保护
mollification:soothe=indemnity:secure
indigenous indigenous<>nonnative
indigent indigent:wealth=redundant:indispensability
indoctrinate stickler:exacting=pedagogue:indoctrinate
indolent [5IndElEnt] adj. 懒惰的，懒洋洋的
indulge draconian<>indulgent/mild martinet<>indulgent person indulgent<>ascetic
indurate [5IndjJEreIt] vt. 使坚固,变坚固,使硬化 to make hard
indurate<>soften
ineffable ineffable:description=irradicable:obliterate
ineluctable serendipitous:effort=ineluctable:chance (?) (事物及其反面特点)
inept finesse<>ineptitude inept<>judicious masterful<>inept
inert reactant<>inert material inert<>dynamic
inexorable inexorable<>relenting
infamy infamy<>good repute
infatuate [In5fAtjJeIt] vt. 使迷恋,使糊涂
sabbatical:leave=flattering:infatuation 节假日的:外出 (因果关系)
infelicitous [InfI5lIsItEs] adj. 不幸的,不吉的,不适当的
influx exodus<>influx
infuse 鼓舞 [In5fju:z] vt.灌输, 注入, 沏或泡(茶、药等), 浸渍, 鼓舞
inspire:infuse=obliterate:remove
ingenuous ingenuous:dissemble=raffish:preen=polite:snub ingenue:sophistication=cynic:trustfulness
ingenuous<>cunning sly<>ingenuous
inimical inimical<>friendly/amiable/amicable/amenable
inimitable inimitable<>commonplace/ordinary
initiate inveterate<>uninitiated {youthful}
inkling [5INklIN] n. 暗示, 略微的提示, 略知, 模糊概念
inkling:knowledge=modicum:quantity
innocuous noxious<>wholesome/sanitary/innocuous
insatiable insatiate:slake=??
insolent perfunctorily:inspiration=insolently:veneration
insouciant [In5su:sIEnt] adj. 漫不经心的; 无忧无虑的
tenacious:yield=insouciant:worry
instate [In`steIt] vt.任命
instate<>oust
instill [In5stIl] v.滴注,逐渐灌输
instill <>drain away instill<>remove
institute abrogate/rescind<>embrace/institute/uphold effacing<>institute
insular insular<>cosmopolitan
insulate insularity<>cosmopolitanism insulate<>expose
intangible impracticable:effected=intangible:known {indestructible:restored} （反义关系）
integral [5IntI^r(E)l] adj.组成的；整的，必须的构成整体所必须的；应有的:
integral<>superfluous integral<>redundant taint<>integrity/wholesomeness
interim interim<>permanent
respite:labor=interim:concert {mediate:confliction}
interlope [9IntE`lEJp] v.(为图私利)干涉他人之事, 闯入
intimate clique:intimates=flock:sheep
免责声明：
① 凡本站注明“稿件来源：中国教育在线”的所有文字、图片和音视频稿件，版权均属本网所有，任何媒体、网站或个人未经本网协议授权不得转载、链接、转贴或以其他方式复制发表。已经本站协议授权的媒体、网站，在下载使用时必须注明“稿件来源：中国教育在线”，违者本站将依法追究责任。
② 本站注明稿件来源为其他媒体的文/图等稿件均为转载稿，本站转载出于非商业性的教育和科研之目的，并不意味着赞同其观点或证实其内容的真实性。如转载稿涉及版权等问题，请作者在两周内速来电或来函联系。
