中国教育在线

湖北省幼儿园安全教育指导纲要

（试行）

第一部分　总则

一、《湖北省幼儿园安全教育指导纲要(试行)》(以下简称“《纲要》”)依据教育部颁布实施的《幼儿园教育指导纲要(试行)》、《幼儿园工作规程》、《3-6岁儿童学习与发展指南》、《中小学幼儿园安全管理办法》以及湖北省人民政府办公厅《关于进一步加强中小学幼儿园安全管理与防范工作的通知》等文件精神而制定。

二、《纲要》适用于湖北省境内各级各类幼儿园、单设幼儿班和小学学前班。

三、《纲要》强调以下指导思想：

1、幼儿园安全教育是幼儿园教育工作的重要内容之一。幼儿园应为每个在园幼儿提供安全的教育环境，开展安全教育活动，帮助幼儿形成生命安全意识、懂得并能运用安全自护自救的简单方法。

2、幼儿园安全教育应渗透于幼儿在园一日生活的各个环节中。应在生活活动、教学活动、游戏活动和户外活动中，传授幼儿基本的安全知识、安全自护的方法，提升幼儿的安全自护意识和基本能力。

3、幼儿安全教育是幼儿园、幼儿家长和全社会的共同责任。幼儿园、家庭、社区等方面应紧密配合，营造良好的安全教育氛围，共同开展丰富多彩的安全教育活动。

第二部分　教育目标与内容要求

一、幼儿园安全教育是指基于幼儿园、幼儿家长配合开展的促进幼儿身体、心理和社会适应达到良好状态的教育。

二、幼儿园安全教育的总目标是：通过提供相应材料，营造安全教育环境，引导幼儿形成安全防范意识、掌握基本的安全自护自救方法，获得身体安全、心理健康和社会适应安全。

（一）身体安全                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

1、目标。促进幼儿良好卫生习惯的养成，培养幼儿的身体安全意识和身体各器官的自护能力。

（1）卫生习惯良好，具有基本的生活卫生安全自护能力；

（2）知道身体的基本组成部分及基本器官的功能，不做危险的动作，能关心和保护自己的身体，不允许别人触摸自己的隐私部位；

（3）知道身体活动的适宜范围，懂得基本的身体安全防护方法，能主动或在成人提醒下远离危险物品和危险场所；

（4）懂得身体的正常需求，能细嚼慢咽、不贪喝饮料、不在强光下看书或长时间看视频、不用脏手揉眼睛、不往身体的器官里塞东西。

2、教育要求。

（1）帮助幼儿形成良好的饮食、睡眠、盥洗、排泄等个人生活卫生习惯和爱护公共卫生的习惯，掌握基本的个人卫生自理方法；

（2）引导幼儿正确认识自己身体，了解身体各个部分的基本功能，学习关心和保护自己身体的方法；

（3）开展丰富的生活观察活动，引导幼儿认识周围生活中潜藏的身体危害因素，指导幼儿掌握主动远离潜在危险因素的方法。

3、指导要点。

（1）将保护幼儿的生命安全、增进幼儿的身体健康放在保育教育工作的首位。

（2）尊重幼儿的身体素质差异和发展水平的不同，爱护每个幼儿的身体，任何情况下不得体罚或变相损害幼儿的身体健康。

（3）尊重并满足幼儿身体活动的需要，尊重幼儿身体发育规律和年龄特点，不限制或禁锢幼儿的身体发育，不得擅自喂食药物或不健康的食物。

（4）尊重幼儿不断增长的独立需要，引导幼儿学习身体安全的基本知识和自我防范、救护能力。

（5）营造清洁卫生安全的教育环境，做好常规消毒工作，做好日常的幼儿身体检查，预防意外伤害或传染性疾病的发生。

（二）心理安全

1、目标。促进幼儿情绪情感的正常发展，形成积极乐观开朗的心理态度和个性品质。

（1）情绪安定愉快，学会恰当表达和调控自己的情绪；

（2）愿意接触不同的人际环境，能较快适应新的人际关系，适应幼儿园的生活；

（3）愿意做力所能及的事情，遭遇挫折能积极面对、寻求安慰，有问题时愿意向别人请教、寻求帮助，具有自尊、自信、自主的表现；

（4）愿意说出心里话，有高兴或有趣的事情、有想法愿意告诉与家人交谈。

2、教育要求。

（1）营造温暖、轻松的心理环境，帮助幼儿形成安全感和信赖感；

（2）帮助幼儿认识自己的情绪，学习恰当的情绪表达方法；

（3）鼓励幼儿与人分享自己的情绪，引导幼儿化解消极情绪；

（4）帮助幼儿明白每个人都有自己的优点和不足，正确认识自己，具有自尊、自信和自主的表现。

3、指导要点。

（1）重视幼儿的心理健康，将心理健康教育放到与身体健康教育同等重要的位置；

（2）教师以身示范，保持良好的情绪状态，以积极、愉快的情绪影响幼儿；

（3）教师主动亲近幼儿，亲切与幼儿交谈，冷静对待幼儿的不良行为，为幼儿营造一个温暖、轻松的心理环境；

（4）开展有助于幼儿认识自我、赏识同伴的活动，鼓励幼儿大胆表达自己的想法，形成乐观、自信的态度；

（5）做好对幼儿的情绪情感观察记录，及时发现不良情绪及情感表现，及时对幼儿进行疏导、化解消极情绪。

（三）社会适应安全

1、目标。促进幼儿社会适应能力的提高，培养幼儿具有社会安全意识、掌握基本安全的社会生活与交往方法。

（1）知道自己的家庭住址、父母姓名和电话、幼儿园名称等基本信息，懂得简单的求助或求救方法；

（2）认识常见的安全标识（如：小心触电、小心有毒、禁止下河游泳、紧急出口等），遵守基本的安全规则，不在危险的地方玩耍，不做危险的事；

（3）跟随成人外出时能保持在成人视线范围内活动，不经允许不能离开，不能吃陌生人的东西，不能跟陌生人走或上陌生人的车；

（4）认识常见交通标识和信号，遵守交通规则，乘坐车（船）时系好安全带，不打闹戏嬉，下车后不在车辆前后停留；

（5）懂得简单的躲避危险的方法，不独自呆在车里或家中、不独立乘坐电梯或车辆；

（6）懂得简单的自然灾害（火灾、地震等）逃生方法。

2、教育要求。

（1）与幼儿家长配合，帮助幼儿熟练记住自己和家人的基本信息与联系方式，教会幼儿电话求助的方法；

（2）指导幼儿认识生活中常见的安全图标、交通标识、安全提示等并能遵守基本的安全规则；

（3）帮助幼儿认识生活中常见的安全隐患并能主动远离危险场所；

（4）指导幼儿获得一些基本的安全防范、自护、自救和求教的方法。

3、指导要点。

（1）主动与幼儿家长、所在社区配合，开展一些有助于幼儿认识了解社会环境的活动，帮助幼儿建立起基本的社会安全意识。

（2）创设安全教育情境，帮助幼儿通过亲身经历和体验来掌握一些必要的安全自护方法。

（3）定期开展自然灾害应急逃生演习教育活动，培养幼儿的危机应变意识与反应能力。

（4）制定幼儿安全事故应急预案，开展培训，让教职员工能正确应对和处理突发安全事件。

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