2. Health and the person were seen more holistically (mind /body/spirit) and not just in physical terms.

　　3. During the 1980s and 1990s there has been a growing swing away from seeing lifestyle risks as the root cause of poor health. While lifestyle factors still remain important, health is being viewed also in terms of the social, economic and environmental contexts in which people live. This broad approach to health is called the socio-ecological view of health.

　　4. One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two `behaviour segments' in some novel way, never actually performed before, so as to reach a goal.

　　5. It is clear from this statement that the creation of health is about much more than encouraging healthy individual behaviours and lifestyles and providing appropriate medical care. Therefore, the creation of health must include addressing issues such as poverty, pollution, urbanisation, natural resource depletion, social alienation and poor working conditions.

　　6. British industry, in particular, has in recent decades often been criticised for its linguistic insularity - for its assumption that foreign buyers will be happy to communicate in English, and that awareness of other lan-guages is not therefore a priorty.

　　7. Within the established wage and salary system it was not possible to use hospital funds to sup-port this strategy. However, it was possible to secure incentives from local businesses, in-cluding free passes to entertainment parks, theatres, restaurants, etc.

　　8. The non-financial incentive scheme did appear to assist in controlling absenteeism in the short term. As the scheme progressed it became harder to secure prizes and this contributed to the program's losing momentum and finally ceasing.

　　9. One solution that has been put forward is the long-term solution of designing cities and neighbourhoods so that car journeys are not necessary - all essential services being located within walking distance or easily accessible by public transport.

　　10. Good local government is already bringing this about in some places. But few democratic communities are blessed with the vision - and the capital - to make such profound changes in modern lifestyles.

　　11. All of these are applications of biometrics, a little-known but fast-growing technology that in-volves the use of physical or biological characteristics to identify individuals.

　　12. Research in Britain has shown that `green consumers' continue to flourish as a signifi-cant group amongst shoppers. This suggests that politicians who claim environmentalism is yesterday's issue may be seriously misjudging the public mood.

　　13. The fruitless search for the cause of the increase in illiteracy is a tragic example of the saying `They can't see the wood for the trees'. When teachers use picture books, they are simply continuing a long-established tradition that is accepted without ques-tion.