Unit 21

orientation n.适应(环境);指导 [app

orifice n.口;孔;洞 [F

orison n.祈祷 [ME

ornate a.装饰华丽的 [ME

orotund a.宏亮的;夸张的 [L ore rotundo with rounded mouth]

orphan n.a.v.孤儿;使成孤儿

oscillate v.游移不定;踌躇 [L oscillare oscillat- swing]

ossify v.骨化 [F ossifier

ostensible a.表面的;假装的 [F

ostracize v.摒弃;排斥 [Gk ostrakizo

otiose a.无效的;多余的 [L otiosus

outbid v.出高于...的价钱

outgoing a.外出的;出发的

outlandish a.古怪的 [OE utlendisc

outrage n.v.粗暴;暴力;伤害 [ME

ovation n.热烈欢迎;鼓掌;大受欢迎 [L ovatio

overhaul v.分解检查;精细检查 [orig Naut, = release(rope-tackle)by slackening slacken 放松]

overlap v.重复

overshadow v.遮阴;使失色;胜过 [E ofersceadwian(OVER-, SHADOW)]

overweening a.过分的;自负的

overwhelm v.淹没;受打击

overwrought a.过度紧张 [overwork的过去式过去分词]

ovine a.绵羊的;似绵羊的 [LL ovinus

pacifist n.非战主义者

paean n.赞美歌;欢乐歌 [L

pagan n.异教徒 [ME

pageant n.盛会;游行;露天历史剧 [ME pagyn, the ~ of historical events 一连串引人注目的历史事件(

pal n.伙伴;共犯 [Romany = brother, mate, ult

palatable a.怡人的;味美的 [palate上颚;味觉;趣味,嗜好ME

palatial a.壮丽堂皇的 [L(PALACE)]

palaver a.空谈;闲谈;奉承 [Port palavra word

palette n.调色盘 [F, dimin of pale shovel

pall v.使生厌 [The novelty will soon ~ on them 那种新奇不久就会使他们感到厌倦 APPAL吓唬,使惊骇 The sight] [~ed me 那景象使我心惊胆战]

palladium n.智慧女神之像;保障物 [ME

pallet n.简陋的小床 [F palette: PALETTE 调色板 (盘) ;(一套的)颜料(画家、绘画的)色彩范围 (种类)]

palliate v.减轻;缓和(病、痛等) [LL palliare to cloak

pallid a.苍白的;呆板的 [L pallidus PALE]

pallor n.(脸色)苍白;青白;灰白 [L

palpable a.易察觉的;可触知的 [ME

palpitate v.急速地跳动;抖动 [L palpitare frequent of palpare touch gently]

paltry a.微不足道的 [16th c:

pamphlet n.小册子;时事论文小册子 [ME

pan n.平锅;药室;盘状的洼地 [Hindi

panacea n.万灵药 [L

pandemonium n.喧嚣;骚乱 [modL(place of all demons in Milton's Paradise Lost)

pander v.为淫媒;迎合 [Pandare, a character in Boccaccio and in Chaucer's Troilus and Criseyde,

panegyric n.颂词;褒词 [F panegyrique

panic n.惊慌;恐慌;非常有趣的人 [OE

panoply n.全副盔甲 [F panoplie or modL panoplia full armour

panorama n.全景;范围 [PAN-+Gk horama view

pantheism n.宇宙即神论;多神崇拜 [PAN-+Gk theos god]

pantomime n.哑剧;手势 [F pantomime or L pantomimus

par n.同等;票面价格;平均量 [L(adj & n)= equal, equality]

parable n.寓言;警语 [ME

paradigm n.典范;词之变化例 [LL paradigma

paradox n.似非而是的隽语 [

paragon n.模范;优秀的人物 [obs F

parallel a.平行;相似 [F parall　e

paramount a.最高的;至上的;主要的 [AF paramont

paramour n.奸夫(妇);情夫(妇) [ME

paranoia n.偏执狂;妄想狂 [modL

paraphernalia n.装备;随身用品 [rig = property owned by a married woman,

paraphrase v.意译;改写 [F paraphrase or L paraphrasis

parasite n.寄生虫;寄生植物 [PARA-, sitos food parasitic 寄食的,靠别人为生的 nit 虱及其他寄生虫的卵]

parch v.使焦干 [ME perch, parche, PARCHED<地面等>干透的,焦干的 The ground was ~ 地面干透了]

paregoric n.止痛药;缓和剂 [LL paregoricus的皮]

pariah n.被社会遗弃者 [Tamil paraiyar pl of paraiyan hereditary drummer

parity n.相同;类似 [formed as -PAROUS + -ITY]

parlance n.说法;语调 [OF

parley n.谈判

[perh

parlous a.危险的;麻烦的 [ME, = PERILOUS危险的]

parody n.打油诗;讽刺诗;拙劣模仿 [LL parodia or Gk paroidia burlesque poem(PARA- 表示"侧"、]

paroxysm n.猛然发作;阵发 [

parricide n.轼父母、长上者;轼尊罪 [assoc in L with pater father and parens parent]

parry v.挡开;躲开 [prob repr F parez imper of parer

parsimonious a.吝啬的 [parsimony 极度的节俭;吝啬]

partiality n.偏见;偏爱 [ME

partisan n.同党;游击队 [F

partition n.分割;划分;隔板 [ME

parvenu n.暴发户 [F, pp. of parvenir arrive

passive a.被动的;消极的 [ME

pastiche n.模仿作品 [F

pastoral a.田园的;宁静的 [ME

pasture n.v.牧场;草地;放牧;吃草

patch n.补丁;一小片(土地) [ME pacche, patche, perh var of peche

patchwork n.补缀品;凑合物

patent a.专利权 [ME

paternal a.父亲的;得自父亲的

pathetic a.悲惨的;引人怜悯的 [F pathetique

pathological a.病理学的;病理上的 [pathology病理学,病理;病状 F pathologie or modL pathologia(PATHO-, -LOGY)]

pathos n.哀婉动人的性质 [Gk pathos suffering, rel to paskho suffer, penthos grief]

patina n.古铜上所生绿锈 [It

patio n.庭院;平台 [(<西班牙语) ((pl ~s) (西班牙式房屋的) 内院,中庭 (inner court)]

patois n.方言;土语 [F, = rough speech, perh

patriarch n.家长;族长

[ME

patrimony n.继承之事物;遗产 [ME patrimoigne

patronage n.保护;奖励;照顾 [ME

paucity n.稀少;缺乏 [ME

pawn n.典当;抵押;人质;兵;走卒 [pawnbroker典当商]

peak n.峰;绝顶;鸭舌帽 [peaky有峰的;尖的;消瘦的]

peculate v.侵占;盗用 [L peculari rel to peculium: PECULIAR奇特的;罕见的;特殊的]

pecuniary a.金钱的;金钱上的 [L pecuniarius

pedagogue n.教师(常含蔑视之意) [ME

pedant n.迂儒;拘泥形式的人 [F pedant

pedestal n.雕像等的台架;基础 [F piedestal

pedestrian a.徒步的;散文体的;通俗的 [pedestre or L pedester -tris]

pediatrician n.小儿科医师

pediment n.山形墙;三角墙 [earlier pedament, periment, perh corrupt of PYRAMID(常 P~)金字塔 2(数学)角锥]

peek v.偷看;窥见 [ME pike, pyke, steal a ~ 偷看]

peer n.贵族;上院议员;同辈 [ME

pejorative a.侮蔑的 [F pejoratif -ive

pelf n.金钱;不义之财 [ME

pell-mell ad.混乱地;纷乱地 [F p　e-m　e, OF pesle mesle, mesle pesle, etc, redupl of mesle

pellucid a.清澈明晰的;易懂的 [L pellucidus

pelt v.毛皮 [ME

penalize v.处刑;宣告有罪;处罚 [pen 雌鹄;监禁]

penance n.(赎罪的)惩罪;告解 [ME

penchant n.倾向;爱好 [F, pres part of pencher incline]

pendant a.垂饰 [ME

pendent a.悬垂的;突出的;未定的 [ME(PENDANT)]

pending a.未定的;即将发生的 [after F pendant(see PENDENT)]

pendulous a.下垂的;摆动的 [L pendulus

penetrate v.穿过;穿透;看透 [L penetrare place or enter within

penitent a.后悔的 [ME

pension n.年奉;养老金;生活津贴 [F: PENSION]

pensive a.沉思的;忧郁的 [ME

penurious a.吝啬的;贫穷的 [medL penuriosus(PENURY贫困;贫穷ME

peonage n.劳役偿债;劳役偿债制度 [peon (中南美)工人,散工,日工]

perceive v.知觉;感知;理会 [ME

perception n.知觉;认知;理解;知觉力 [E

percolate v.过滤;渗出;浸透

[L percolare(PER-全部, colare strain紧张;拉紧

percussion n.冲撞;敲击 [F percussion or L percussio(PERCUSS扣诊)repercussion 弹回;反应;影响 I am afraid that this event will] [have serious ~s]

peremptory a.专横的 [AF peremptorie, OF peremptoire

perennial a.长久的;永远的 [L perennis(PER-, annus year)]

perfectionist n.力求完美者;吹毛求疵者

perfidy n.背信;不诚实 [L perfidia

perforate v.穿孔;贯穿;打孔 [L perforare(PER-, forare pierce) perforat n.钻孔]

perforce a.必需地;必然地 [ME

perfume n.芳香;香味;香水 [F parfum, parfumer

perfunctory a.表面的;敷衍了事的 [LL perfunctorius careless

perigee n.近地点 [F perigee

perilous a.危险的 [ME

perimeter n.周围;周长 [F perim　re or

period a.时代;句号;休止符 [ME

peripatetic a.走来走去的;消遥学派的 [ME

peripheral a.周围的;外面的;枝节的 [PARIPHERY 外围;不重要的部分(PERI-, phereia

perjury n.伪证;伪证罪 [ME

permeate v.渗透;透过 [L permeare permeat-(PER-, meare pass, go)permeable有浸透性的;能透过的]

pernicious a.有害的;致命的

[L perniciosus

peroration n.(演说等之)结论;总结 [perorate 对演说下结论,结束演说 详述,滔滔不绝地演讲]

perpendicular a.成直角的;险峻的 [E

perpetrate v.犯罪;行诈 [L perpetrare perpetrat-(PER-, patrare effect)~ a swindle 行欺诈 ~ a joke(不看场合地)乱开玩笑]

perpetual a.永久的;不间断的 [ME

perplexity n.困惑;混乱;困窘的事物 [E

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