uphold   v. 支撑，赞成，鼓励

upper a. 上的，上部的，较高的

the upper lip；upper clothes

upright a. 直立的，竖立的a. 正直的，诚实的

righteous；an upright tree；an upright man；stand upright

upset  v. 弄翻，打翻；v. 扰乱，打乱，使不安

up 向上， set 落下

annoy, worry, Losing the ring unset her.

Overturn, He made a movement and upset the glass.

His illness has upset all our arrangement.

upside-down颠倒，翻过来

vague a. 不明确的，含糊的，暖昧的

obscure

I haven’t understand the vague notion what he expressed.

valid a. 正确的，有效的

validity n. 正确性，有效性；invalid

a valid contract

vain n. 徒劳，白费a. 自负的，虚荣的

van空 vanish 化为乌有，消失 vain 空虚

Ｉwill not idle away my time and be sorry _____ when my youthful head becomes white.

A, in chief    B. in vain  C. in depth    D. in grain

    vanish v. 消失，消散

The airplane vanished into the clouds

vapo(u)r    n. 汽，蒸汽

vary v. 变化，改变

Old people do not like to vary their habits.

Try to vary the melody, it is monotonomous.

various  a. 各种各样的，不同的a. 多方面的，多种的

a number of different..

The minister gave various reasons for the government’s decision.

variety  n. 多样性，变化  n. 变种，品种n. 种类，种种

variation n. 变化，变动，变异

invariable, always 

vast a. 巨大的，广阔的a. 大量的，巨额的

enormous, immense

waste—vast  vast majority of 大多数