Designing A Public Building剑桥雅思11-听力原文翻译及答案解析

一、Designing A Public Building听力原文：

We've been discussing the factors the architect has to consider when designing domestic buildings.

I'm going to move on now to consider the design of public buildings,and I'll illustrate this by referring to the new Taylor Concert Hall that's recently been completed here in the city.

So,as with a domestic building,when designing a public building,an architect needs to consider the function of the building-for example,is it to be used primarily for entertainment,or for education,or for administration?

The second thing the architect needs to think about is the context of the building,this includes its physical location,obviously,but it also includes the social meaning of the building,how it relates to the people it's built for.

And finally,for important public buildings,the architect may also be looking for a central symbolic idea on which to base the design,a sort of metaphor for the building and the way in which it is used.

Let's look at the new Taylor Concert Hall in relation to these ideas.

The location chosen was a site in a run-down district that has been ignored in previous redevelopment plans.

It was occupied by a factory that had been empty for some years.

The whole area was some distance from the high-rise office blocks of the central business district and shopping centre,but it was only one kilometre from the ring road.

The site itself was bordered to the north by a canal which had once been used by boats bringing in raw materials when the area was used for manufacturing.

The architect chosen for the project was Tom Harrison.

He found the main design challenge was the location of the site in an area that had no neighbouring buildings of any importance.

To reflect the fact that the significance of the building in this quite run-down location was as yet unknown,he decided to create a building centred around the idea of a mystery-something whose meaning still has to be discovered.

So how was this reflected in the design of the building?

Well,Harrison decided to create pedestrian access to the building and to make use of the presence of water on the site.

As people approach the entrance,they therefore have to cross over a bridge.

He wanted to give people a feeling of suspense as they see the building first from a distance,and then close-up,and the initial impression he wanted to create from the shape of the building as a whole was that of a box.

The first side that people see,the southern wall,is just a high,flat wall uninterrupted by any windows.

This might sound off-putting,but it supports Harrison's concept of the building-that the person approaching is intrigued and wonders what will be inside.

And this flat wall also has another purpose.

At night-time,projectors are switched on and it functions as a huge screen,onto which images are projected.

The auditorium itself seats 1500 people.

The floor's supported by ten massive pads.

These are constructed from rubber,and so are able to absorb any vibrations from outside and prevent them from affecting the auditorium.

The walls are made of several layers of honey-coloured wood,all sourced from local beech trees.

In order to improve the acoustic properties of the auditorium and to amplify the sound,they are not straight,they are curved.

The acoustics are also adjustable according to the size of orchestra and the type of music being played.

In order to achieve this,there are nine movable panels in the ceiling above the orchestra which are all individually motorized,and the walls also have curtains which can be opened or closed to change the acoustics.

The reaction of the public to the new building has generally been positive.

However,the evaluation of some critics has been less enthusiastic.

In spite of Harrison's efforts to use local materials,they criticise the style of the design as being international rather than local,and say it doesn't reflect features of the landscape or society for which it is built.

二、Designing A Public Building听力中文翻译：

我们一直在讨论建筑师在设计住宅建筑时必须考虑的因素。

我现在将继续考虑公共建筑的设计，我将以最近在该市竣工的新泰勒音乐厅来说明这一点。

因此，与住宅建筑一样，建筑师在设计公共建筑时需要考虑建筑的功能，例如，它主要用于娱乐、教育还是行政管理？

建筑师需要考虑的第二件事是建筑的背景，这显然包括它的物理位置，但它也包括建筑的社会意义，它与建筑所面向的人的关系。

最后，对于重要的公共建筑，建筑师可能也在寻找一个核心的象征性想法，作为设计的基础，一种对建筑及其使用方式的隐喻。

让我们看看与这些想法相关的新泰勒音乐厅。

选择的地点位于一个破旧的地区，在以前的重建计划中被忽视。

它被一家空了几年的工厂所占据。

整个区域距离中央商务区和购物中心的高层办公楼有一段距离，但距离环城路只有一公里。

该场地北面与一条运河接壤，该运河曾被船只用来运输原材料，当时该地区用于制造业。

被选为这个项目的建筑师是汤姆·哈里森。

他发现，主要的设计挑战是该场地的位置，该区域没有任何重要的相邻建筑。

为了反映这样一个事实，即这座建筑在这个相当破旧的位置上的意义尚不可知，他决定以神秘的概念为中心创建一座建筑——其意义仍有待发现。

那么这是如何反映在建筑设计中的呢？

哈里森决定修建通往大楼的步行通道，并利用现场的水资源。

当人们接近入口时，他们必须跨过一座桥。

他想给人们一种悬念的感觉，因为他们首先从远处看到这座建筑，然后是特写，他想从整个建筑的形状中创造出的最初印象是一个盒子。

人们看到的第一面墙，南墙，只是一堵高而平的墙，没有窗户。

这听起来可能令人不快，但它支持哈里森的建筑概念——走近的人很好奇，想知道里面会有什么。

这面平墙还有另一个用途。

在夜间，投影仪被打开，它就像一个巨大的屏幕，图像被投影到屏幕上。

礼堂本身可容纳1500人。

地板由十块巨大的垫子支撑着。

这些都是由橡胶制成的，因此能够吸收来自外部的任何振动，防止它们影响礼堂。

墙壁由几层蜂蜜色的木材制成，全部来自当地的山毛榉树。

为了改善礼堂的声学性能并放大声音，它们不是直的，而是弯曲的。

音响效果也可以根据管弦乐队的规模和演奏的音乐类型进行调整。

为了实现这一点，乐团上方的天花板上有九块可移动的面板，都是单独机动的，墙壁上也有窗帘，可以打开或关闭以改变音响效果。

公众对这座新大楼的反应总体上是积极的。

然而，一些评论家的评价却不那么热情。

尽管哈里森努力使用当地材料，但他们批评该设计风格是国际性的，而非地方性的，并表示它没有反映出建筑所处的景观或社会特征。

三、Designing A Public Building听力问题：

Question 31-40

Complete the notes below.

Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.DESIGNING A PUBLIC BUILDING:

THE TAYLOR CONCERT HALL

Introduction

The designer of a public building may need to consider the building's

·function

·physical and context

·symbolic meaning

Location and concept of the Concert Hall

On the site of a disused

Beside a

The design is based on the concept of a mystery

Building design

It's approached by a for pedestrians

The building is the shape of a

One exterior wall acts as a large

In the auditorium:

·the floor is built on huge pads made of

·the walls are made of local wood and are in shape

·ceiling panels and on walls allow adjustment of acoustics

Evaluation

Some critics say the style of the building is inappropriate

四、Designing A Public Building听力答案：

31.social

32.factory

33.canal

34.bridge

35.box

36.screen

37.rubber

38.curved

39.curtains

40.international

五、Designing A Public Building听力答案解析

social。题目为并列结构，并列连词and前为physical，可以作为关键定位词，同时可以判断该空格需要填写形容词。录音中提到physical location即可确定题目位置，接着后面提到also includes the social meaning，其中also为and的同义替换，故确定social为答案。factory。根据笔记中项目分类可断定location and concept为题目定位词，空格前出现了on the site of a disused可确定本空格填可数名词单数，site,disused为关键定位词。录音中提到The location chosen was a site…即可确定题目位置。后面提到...occupied by a factory that had been empty for some years，其中empty for some years与disused为同义替换，故确定factory为答案。canal。空格前出现beside a…确定需要填写可数名词单数，beside为关键定位词。录音提到was bordered to the north by a canal，其中be bordered to与beside为同义替换，故确定canal为答案。bridge。空格前后出现approached by a…和pedestrians，确定答案为可数名词单数，pedestrians为关键定位词。录音中提到people approach the entrance，people与pedestrians为同义替换，可以确定题目位置，接着提到cross over the bridge。确定bridge为答案。box。通过审题可知，shape为关键定位词，答案为可数名词单数。录音中提到create from the shape of….was that of a box。故确定box为答案。但要注意的是，原文中as a whole为固定搭配，whole为答案干扰信息，需要考生注意。screen。通过审题可知，exterior wall,a large…为关键定位词，答案为可数名词单数。录音中提到this flat wall，确定题目位置，接着提到it functions as a huge screen，其中function as与act as为同义替换，huge与large为同义替换，故确定答案为screen。rubber。通过审题可知pads made of为关键定位词，本空格需要填写材料类名词。录音中提到ten massive pads，确定题目位置。接着提到…constructed from rubber，constructed from与made of为同义替换，故确定rubber为答案。curved。题目为并列结构，local wood,shape为关键定位词，本空格需要填写动词被动形式。录音中提到honey-coloured wood,….local beech trees，确定题目位置，后文提到they are curved，确定curved为答案。curtains。题目为并列结构，celling panels为关键定位词，本空格需要填写名词。录音中提到movable panels in the celling，确定题目位置。接着提到…also have curtains，确定curtains为答案。本题需要注意答案为复数，避免错听。international。通过审题可知，critics,style为关键定位词，答案为形容词。录音中提到critics，确定题目位置，后面提到they criticise the style of…being international，确定international为答案。注意录音中提到rather than local，其中rather than意为“而不是”，故local不是答案。

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